Joint pain is a common issue, especially as we age. While arthritis is often the first culprit we think of, it’s far from the only possible cause. Injuries, inflammation of surrounding tissues, or even issues elsewhere in the body can all lead to joint discomfort.
Understanding what’s behind your joint pain is the first step towards effective treatment. In this blog, we’ll look at how arthritis differs from other causes – and how to recognise when it’s time to seek help.
What is arthritis?
Arthritis is a general term for inflammation in one or more joints. Osteoarthritis is the most common type, typically caused by wear and tear that gradually breaks down the cartilage protecting your joints. Rheumatoid arthritis, by contrast, is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system attacks the joint lining.
People with arthritis often describe a deep, aching pain that builds up gradually. Joints may feel stiff – particularly in the morning or after rest – and there may be swelling or reduced range of motion. In osteoarthritis, symptoms tend to worsen slowly over time.
What else can cause joint pain?
Not all joint pain is due to arthritis. Several other conditions can mimic its symptoms:
- Tendonitis – Inflammation of a tendon, usually from overuse. Pain tends to be sharp and focused around the tendon, often worsening with movement.
- Bursitis – Involves inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs that cushion the joint. This can cause swelling, warmth and tenderness, especially after repetitive movement or pressure.
- Injury or trauma – Sprains, ligament tears or cartilage damage can cause sudden, localised joint pain, often after a fall, twist or overexertion.
- Referred pain – Sometimes the pain you feel in a joint isn’t coming from the joint itself. A common example is hip pain that originates from the spine.
- Infection – Though rare, septic arthritis can cause intense pain, redness, swelling and fever, and requires urgent medical attention.
Telling the difference
While only a proper assessment can confirm the cause, there are some signs that may help you distinguish between arthritis and other issues.
Arthritis pain usually builds up gradually and is often accompanied by stiffness after rest. It can affect multiple joints and may ease slightly with gentle movement. In contrast, other conditions tend to cause more sudden pain, often linked to a specific activity or injury. For example, tendonitis might hurt only when you perform a certain motion, while bursitis may cause visible swelling and tenderness to the touch.
If your pain seems to come out of nowhere, is sharp or sudden, or worsens significantly with use, it may be due to something other than arthritis.
When to seek help
If joint pain is persistent, interferes with your daily routine, or is associated with swelling, redness or fever, don’t ignore it. Early assessment helps ensure you get the right diagnosis and treatment.
Mr Nirav Shah offers expert diagnosis and treatment for a range of joint conditions, with a focus on hip and knee health. Whether your symptoms are due to arthritis or another cause, he can guide you towards the most appropriate care.
